Hypercube Developers

Fastest + Cheapest of All Symmetric Gigabit Fiberoptic Internet Provisioning Basics

Today (2019), it is 20x cheaper and 20x faster to roll out "symmetric gigabit fiber Internet" than ANY form of "broadband Internet" anywhere in the world.
We are calling on ALL Activist Investors and EEs to learn the true nature of Fiber Age and invest your activism and resources wisely. If change is not forcefully brought on, your future is at risk from stubborn regulators, incumbent phone companies, cable companies, civic inaction and the wrong kinds of fake action by governments to politicians.
If companies you have invested in or started up has already been destroyed by lack of symmetric gbit fiber Internet or its customers to generate revenue, then you were blind to the realities of dangerous telecom companies and their tentacles that have reached out and damaged your businesses and your prospects. What better now to than to learn how to counter them and stress these companies to return the favor so that they may never harm your high tech businesses ever again. Read more and learn how this done.
Learn by the harsh example set in London, UK. After all that is said and done by civic authorities to government, the blunt truth is there is no symmetric gigabit fiber Internet in London and UK to roll out Industry 4.0 IoT, 5G, Big Data, AI, MI, VR, AR, Digital Services, Smart City, etc unlike say Paris. There are no customers of fiber for investors or the EEs working on such projects. There is not even a phone number to get officials to show investors London's (non-existent) symmetric gigabit Internet!! :) Despite the billions spent by foreign countries and investors setting up in London and the promises being made to them that London is welcoming investors, the harsh reality is that digitally illiterate civic authorities are simply taking the investments and thrifting it away on fees (particularly office fees).
There is no symmetric gigabit fiber Internet cabled up customers in London and UK to roll out Industry 4.0 IoT, 5G, Big Data, AI, MI, VR, AR, Digital Services, Smart City, Fintech etc unlike say Paris to generate revenues for Investors or EEs or project managers working on projects hoping to get paid. Its all been scotched by telecom companies and incumbents.
So if you are looking for a place of pure commercial evil where all good Industry 4.0 projects and hopes go to die, then you just found it in London and the UK. Thanks to stubborn regulators and phone incumbents, cable incumbents, and people who identify themselves as phone experts, culture experts, media experts and sports experts (but NOT Fiber Internet experts) dishing out regulations on Internet with not a clue in the field. They have created the perfect environment for milking money from investors by the actions of telecom incumbents and holding back progress by pointing this way and that, unable to comprehend anything about progress of technology and passing regulations that favor phone companies, media companies, cable companies and who so ever can scream loudest to get what they want by gaming the system, and always putting down symmetric fiber Internet because it will eventually destroy them ALL. The longer they hold out, the bigger the fall.
The phone Internet and cable Internet companies that took out debt funding and loans and have over done it by a factor of x20 compared to fiber Internet providers, that is why they are screaming down the throats of regulators to halt the progress of fiber. They will go bust when fiber takes over. It is up to regulators to stand firm and say no to any solutions put forward by phone Internet companies and cable Internet companies, and any PR campaigns they organize to remove staff as a way of progressing their fake agenda.
In places like America, it is known having gigabit symmetric Internet in a building instantly adds 20% extra value for property developers. So the regulators, when they succumb, are behaving illegally and doing something wrong if fiber Internet which is 20x cheaper to install is artificially made scarce through their malfeasance in public office. USA is some 50+ behind other countries and up to 4000% more expensive than the rest of the world in terms of megabits per dollar. Everything coming out of the regulator is worthless and irrelevant because they are irrelevant.
Prediction for 2019 is that tens of thousands of companies focused on 5G, IoT, SmartCity and Gigabit City will be killed off by incumbent copper Internet companies holding on to outdated values and cost structures milking their customers to pay for their existence, limiting customer experience, instead of letting Fiber Internet Age take over led by fiber Startups. Same as 2018 then and 2017 before it!!
Many other countries are suffocating under the same conditions where stubborn regulators and incumbent phone and cable companies move to resist symmetric gigabit fiber Internet, holding out for more cash when they don't need it (as explained by full fiber installation companies), but it is likely that governments, politicians, regulators and incumbents are now reduced to lying to cover up for themselves, their incumbents and their failure to produce symmetric gigabit fibered customers unlike Paris, Singapore, Korea, Japan, Hong Kong etc after having consumed billions and show nothing for it.
An example of blatant lying is here - https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/727889/Future_Telecoms_Infrastructure_Review.pdf The claims by UK government DCMS is fake, and noteworthy - for example, the cost of fibering up UK is estimated to be £30 billion. That is an average of £1150+ per household of about 26 million while real costs are around £150 average per household down to new technology and methods which are covered in this document (see for example this Reuters article on £250 million investment to connect 2 million homes https://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-britain-hyperoptic-funding/uks-hyperoptic-raises-250-million-pounds-to-extend-its-1gps-fibre-network-idUKKBN1KN31F which averages less than £150 per household). No civic explanation of why the cost of 10gbit Dark Fiber Taxed Internet line is $100,000 in a major city like London when in Singapore it is $200/m and everywhere it is drifting towards and average of $30/m where all costs are recovered within 2 years and pure profit thereafter. Ruling over an important city like London is privilege enough for political machinery but when it is as pathetic as this, it deserves special mention.
Symmetric gigabit fiber Internet is critical for 5G and IoT companies hoping to launch and which you may have had a hand in investing. So if you are Activist Investor, or an EE who is actively researching and developing the next generation Industry 4.0 products, then you need to take names and confront every lying politician to regulator with numbers. For example, every 5G mast needs to be 300m of the customer and linked back to exchange with a dedicated 10gbit or faster symmetric gigabit fiber Internet connection. Nowhere is that mentioned in UK gov document, which means UK 5G is roll out is being assumed to be similar to Singapore, Korea and Japan where symmetric gigabit Internet is near 100% whereas UK has none. So if you are an Activist Investor, all your projects are toast until symmetric fiber Internet is 100% rolled out. Which actually means installing 10,000 core fiber cables down main streets to light each 5G modem with its own fiber and all the houses without duplicating fiber install down that street. But that is all in doubt while green light to Offcom regulator to continue DARK FIBER TAXES is given instead of abolishing it as it will push up a 10gbit line cost to $100,000 per link instead of the $30/m that its heading to right now across the globe.
In this document we give you the numbers and where to get your equipment to install fiber on your own and fiber up you company, homes and everything else that needs to connect at higher speeds. Also we show you videos of machine that can fiber up to 4km per day in countryside to hundreds of meters in urban areas that reduces costs to under $150 average per customer provisioning costs. All other explanation of average costs are lies. You need to take names and check up on every telecom statements made up regulators, incumbents and politicians.
Symmetric gigabit fiber Internet does not need the Internet provisioning power of multi-billion dollar corporations. Any EE doing a Startup, or a company driven by Activist Investor can set up in fiber optic provisioning and quickly grow to become a large company. With today's machines a team can install 4km per day in rural areas and several hundred meters per day in urban areas. We show you the videos of how.
The current practice of charging $100,000 for a 10gbit line needs to end because technological progress has driven this down to $30 per month recovering all costs and be in profit within 2 years.
Fiber Optics technology is on an information technology driven singularity curve that is doubling speeds and halving of costs roughly every year to 18 months bringing benefits around the globe. Sadly this is not happening in the UK and many countries with incumbent telecommunications and media companies, and companies under foreign control that fail to understand evolution and seek to shut down discussion whilst lobbying directly in government circles to sell out dated technology by framing it is as the only technology available. This article is written to encourage smart investors, telecom engineers and smart companies to branch out and expand into fiber optics.

No rule books for installing fiber

First point of note is that the rule books on installing fiber networks has been torn up years ago. Despite this, today the majority of installations (in UK for example) uses the outdated methods of installing fiber. These outdated methods start with installation of an empty hollow tube, and then a second install of a single fiber by blowing the fiber through the empty tube. This takes double time and double the effort. While such practices may have been OK decades ago, it becomes commercially fatally flawed when fiber retails for $2 per meter for 96 core. (Aliexpress prices throughout this article. Wholesale prices are a lot cheaper when bought in commercial quantities such as by the container load.) At $2 per 96 core, it is easier to pull a 96 core cable through a duct than it is to fret over the cost of that fiber because equipment costs and staff costs are probably the biggest cost on that day than the fiber. Sure it does not apply in all situations (nothing ever does), and sure you can pull a 4 core for a quarter of the price, but then you would run into the risk having to install more cables if a fiber or two gets broken, which then puts the whole installation at risk by having to re-cable. Each installation manager will need to decide what is best given their budget, but with the Technological Singularity approaching, it would be wiser to look for a 20 year solution that addresses exponential annual doubling explosion with arrival of IoT and data upload for AI which means allowing a lot more cores per cable than a handful. It is estimated each home will have 50 devices average in about 5 years. But obviously not homes that have been robbed of high speed symmetric gigabit fiber Internet. They will get exactly nothing. What they should be installing is 1.5 inch 3456 core fiber cables in all major roads and links between towns and cities. Anything less will need additional installs to meet future demand.

Exponential trajectory

The Technological Singularity is coming and will be hear in about 16 years from the time this article is last updated.
Ray Kurzweil is an incredible genius who noted that human technology is evolving at an exponential path - most notably information technology. If this pace were to continue then by around 2035 technological evolution would become exponential and vertical. This epoch is known as the Technological Singularity.
What is incredible about this technological curve is that it has not flinched from its projected trajectory since it was drawn. And the curve can be drawn back to more than a hundred years. In the intervening period such as World War I and Word War II, the curve did not flinch which means we need to absorb the facts as they are and re-calibrate our understanding of this world to give importance to right things. It would appear no matter what, technology will continue to advance creating ever more space for increased data and communications at an exponential rate that can only be satisfied by fiber.

Slow Internet should be banned

Another piece of the Internet puzzle is that Internet use mind share time is the same whether you have fast Internet or slow Internet. So a half speed Internet user will have used exactly half the Internet as someone on double speed. It does beg outlawing of slow Internet installations if higher speeds could be delivered. The benefit of such a law is to avoid creating inequalities as someone on half Internet would automatically be half as wealthy in a connected world because they are a half person on the Internet compared to their peers, which is not healthy for the economy as a whole. So government which is a body inclusive of people from the countryside should regulate to prevent deployment of slow Internet if there is a viable option to supply faster Internet.
Whenever someone from telecom industry talks up slow Internet for their neighbor, it is to deny them prosperity.
Whenever someone from telecom industry talks up shared slow Internet for their neighbor, it is to deny them prosperity.
The question then becomes, are you prepared to accept responsibility for listening to these views?
The poverty being inflicted is permanent and lasts decades while any cost is repaid in under 2 years for gbit Internet.
Whenever someone from telecom industry talks up "broadband" they are insulting your intelligence. Ask them to discuss "symmetric Internet".
Should you accept slow Internet after it is put in?
Can you not thereafter, simply remove it and put in a new one?
Can you not simply deregulate and allow pure fiber startups to install parallel install?

Fiber infrastructure costings

Yet another piece of the puzzle is the cost of fiber infrastructure technology. Fiber fusion splicers cost around $800 now (same as a good scope) and prices are dropping (search Aliexpress for vendors). Today these machines have 6 axis automatic actuators that line up the fiber, heat it, and join it in about 3 minutes. The fiber fuses under surface tension of the different glasses, they line up perfectly with 0.01db loss at that junction. This means a fiber run can have hundreds of joins to make up to a 100km fiber without repeater! The fiber modems or media converters that are fitted to each end of the fiber are SFP modules with SC connectors and they typically operate at data rates of 1Gbs to 10Gbs, and cost under $20. So in a small town, there is typically just one building at the center that reach out to all the suburbs without repeaters and such an architecture runs at a fraction of the cost compared to installing repeaters and telecom boxes in streets. Because equipment costs are a fraction, the roll out of "symmetric fiber Internet" is some 20 times quicker than roll out "broadband Internet". This is because the starting price of equipment costs are lower and so more money can be spent cabling out the network and generating revenue while the rest of the network equipment is purchased as needed. Such high speed roll out is much needed by 5G modems that require a fiber speed connection to each modem in a typical 5G mast. 5G modems operating at around 10gbits connected to symmetric fiber is need roughly every 300m to give coverage because of oxygen absorption at higher speeds.

Note there is an SFP module at the 5G mast or a house, and then there is another similar SFP module for each link inside the local data center or exchange. There is no technology in the middle. So your only connection to the data center is the SFP module sending light without repeater directly. Likewise the data center connects directly to other data centers or exchanges directly with one or more SFP connections to a router through the Internet back bone. There is nothing in between. The back bone itself is just a big clump of fibers. If the distance is very long, there is cabinet with Internet switches and routers and power to route the signals. They are off the shelf and inexpensive. Save a lot of expenses if building own router with FPGA. Small operators can build the Data Centers for a few million dollars and offer to peer with other backbone networks to avoid invoicing each other, and to share backbone transit costs. Each local operator spends about $150 per connection getting it installed but receives about $50 per month income. This should pay off all investment within about 2 years and the rest is profit. The temptation for the big operators is to buy out the local operators and take the treasure and then ratchet up the customer bills. There should be at least two suppliers in any town competing for customers. And plenty of opportunity for over builds by allowing three or more competitors to start up. Technology moves on every 18 months. Investors would have factored that in already but continually moan about overbuilds and dwindling market share. What they really mean is they want more profits without competition. Something that cannot be allowed to happen. They are entitled to more profits through competition offering better technologies and lower prices.
Note there is no technology other than routers, switches, and SFP modules used in this set up. It save a ton of money if everyone used the same fiber Internet. The next generation will be faster SFP modules (already 10gbit is fallen below $20). The price will keep on dropping and the routers will get faster and faster as technology permits. Only big companies such as telephone and TV companies will buy the full bandwidth of a 10gbit fiber (which is just a router setting). They all still pay $150 for the install like everyone else for a link. The links can be made dedicated or turned into 'leased mode' - again its a software setting. No hoo haa about it unlike today where the the hoo haa is just unbelievably time consuming, engaging and lengthy process before a telephone Internet or cable Internet company will provide you with a dedicated line. There is so much outdated technology to get right compared to fiber routers before you can get dedicated line.
Note the Internet symmetric fiber back bone does not need its packets routed through phone company networks and cable company networks with its slow asymmetric routers that can slow the entire Internet down. Instead phone companies and cable companies connect to symmetric gigabit Internet providers through SFP modules just like all other data centers and customers. The phone and cable companies should pay higher fees to access Internet if they are expecting their traffic to be buffered with huge amounts of RAM and power to match old technologies they continue to use. One second of buffering on a 10gbit requires around 1gbyte of RAM. This buffering should be implemented by the telephone and cable Internet companies in their own equipment so they are incentivized to repair their out dated communications equipment eliminating data buffering and throttling effects by themselves for themselves.
The entire verbosity of phone Internet companies and cable Internet companies is shoveled off the symmetric Internet fiber backbone leaving fiber Internet providers to provide the fastest possible symmetric gigabit Internet. This turns the symmetric backbone into a giant version of the typical home or office fiber Internet - just a lot more routers, connections and switches and all running much faster. This is how the Internet of Fiber should be maintained to isolate and repair any problems at fastest possible speed. Looking at some reports like these https://www.digicatapult.org.uk/news-and-views/publication/5g-nation/ it would appear no one has a clue in Government circles to design best Internet of Fiber Network because they are being sucked into the verbose language of 5G companies, phone companies, and cable companies and start dithering because they have no idea what they are supposed to understand and communicate in a robust way. 5G companies for example blaming lack of investment by telecom companies to produce Internet of Fiber as a reason for 5G when they know that its cheaper to cable up everyone with symmetric fiber at an average cost of $150 than it is get several hundred users sharing and running slow on $1 million tower + radio modem system every 100 meters.
If the exchange buildings were up to 20km apart, all the houses in between could be cabled up for about $150 per household with symmetric 1gbit Internet using $2/m cables and $20 SFP fiber modems that linked to the exchange buildings. These then link to the main trunks that would pass through the town. The router is where intelligent buffering is implemented so as to speed limit the Internet links to each user to share system bandwidth evenly. You would only speed limit a user (for a short duration) if they used up a lot of bandwidth forcing others to wait, but if no one is using that bandwidth, then speed up that user in milliseconds to make the Internet work for everyone otherwise you will end up buffering his traffic adding to your cost. All of this is done with software settings instead of rate limiting through hardware imposed limits. The routers should strictly limit themselves to automatically buffering data and routing data through the router sharing the line in a fair way. Within reason, the least amount of packet inspection hardware in the routers, the cheaper the router, and the easier it is to train engineers to maintain the infrastructure. Using these rules, the cheapest and fastest roll out of Internet becomes symmetric gigabit fiber for a given amount of investment. There is no other technology node that is capable of delivering Internet and bandwidth that competes with this model. This model gets cheaper every day because chips gets faster and cheaper every day with mass production and endless demand. Every other methodology is possible but has higher costs and increases the cost of equipment, increased hiring costs and increased costs of training engineers.
There are big billion dollar companies that are waiting to be cut down into small pieces on the back of all this knowledge. They were always lying about bandwidth and about buffering and about the reasons they have given for throttling users claiming that some users were using all the bandwidth. Surely if that was the case, they can go to court and prove it in class action suits. (Something that is now ticking up in the USA.) They were in fact lying all the time. They had installed systems deliberately buffering everyone when they should have been slowing just the one person that is constantly using data. This is just a software setting. And as soon as the congestion is over, the person using more data should have been put back to full speed in milliseconds. Routers do this all the time. But it was blown into a gargantuan circus show to extract more money from the public and 'punish' the 'data hoggers'. Its all one massive coordinated effort at selling fake news. No such mythical thing as a 'data hogger' exists, and we all know that if you know how to build a router. Incumbent telecom companies should take their fake 'data hoggger' to court and get a conviction if they are so sure such a mythical fake beast exists. These companies need to be sued and/or class action to recover all overcharging, theft of data bandwidth and all forms of unreasonable throttling and fully back dated to make sure it actually eats into their bottom line for good because there are plenty of new fiber companies waiting to take over, because its cheap to start a fiber company now.
It is estimated this kind of roll out of fiber is 20 times cheaper on costs than copper based roll out and coax cable based Internet roll out. Copper is not just more expensive but also need brick lined and/or water proofed ducts to prevent water incursion into the ducts which would cause the system to fail. Unlike fiber that needs only a 100mm wide trench that is between 200mm to 1m deep to cable up thousands of fibers each operating at 1Gbits per second to 10Gbits or faster. Copper also needs 'cabinets' in the street costing $50,000 or more. They contain hopelessly out of date technology by some 20 years or more. These are ancient technology boards that accept the incoming fiber signals and break it up into multiple channels and convert them to analogue signals that cannot travel very far. Not at all cheap. Fiber does not require this cabinet. In fact no cabinets for up to 20km, or much longer distances if slightly more expensive SFP modules are used.
Here is video of some fed up residents of United Kingdom installing their own symmetric gigabit fiber Internet https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BBjTIzvVeIY
How much simpler can it be? Dig and install! They did not need the support of multi-billion corporations companies such as UK's British Telecom and Openreach to install symmetric gigabit fiber Internet. Nobody does. They bought their own fusion splicers and routers, manually dug up small trenches and dragged cable by hand to install!!
Things are so bad, and yet so easy, that even a farmers wife managed to install 20,000 symmetric gigabit fiber by starting up a cooperative - http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/technology-37974267 - This is an area where no multi-billion dollar corporations would tread because they are not literate in new technology such as gigabit symmetric fiber and 20x lower capex than any of the things they might have learned in playskool. 20x lower capex = 20x faster roll out!! That is why villagers and farming communities can roll out fiber in no time!!
Fusion splicer suitable for 100km fiber runs with 0.01db loss $600 - https://www.aliexpress.com/item/33021980138.html
Watch their video and see how easy it is for fiber to be fusion joined (i.e. melted by heat and joined) with 0.01db loss (suitable for joining 100km cables with repeater) automatically all aligned in a few seconds.
If this is all you need, it is a call for all EEs to rise and start up their own companies installing fiber everywhere.
Previously it took a long time and $10,000 pieces of equipment to join two fiber - now its all automatic and just a few seconds!!
With investment in good machines, one team marches at a rate of 4km per day - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a8bzZajwR50&feature=youtu.be&t=204
It is officially faster in UK to install 600km of fiber optic cable with 3 teams than it is to get permission to install that fiber from pen pushers.
Zip through urban areas these days with micro-trenching equipment at a fraction of the cost compared to all other methods - https://youtu.be/l9PcGDqj1Wg?t=188
Kerb trenching is fastest of all in urban areas - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Wisrs03EkDM
- Cars can drive over the trench while its being laid!! No need for coning off area
One man operated small machines now also exist (made by Ditch Witch) - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tu8zpbAkxKU
Here is IoD (Institute of Directors representing 35,000 UK business) had to say about the state of affairs in UK - https://www.iod.com/Portals/0/PDFs/Campaigns%20and%20Reports/Infrastructure/Future%20of%20Connected%20Business.pdf
Then Global Law firm - https://www.dlapiper.com/~/media/files/insights/publications/2018/07/dla-piper---uk-infrastructure-report---defining-the-future-0718.pdf
And now Local Government - https://www.local.gov.uk/sites/default/files/documents/27.1%20Post%20Brexit%20England%20Commission_v06WEB.pdf
5G firms - http://www.broadbanduk.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/BSG-Report-Lowering-barriers-to-5G-deployment.pdf
Other long standing warnings - http://tratosgroup.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/Britains-Broken-Broadband.11.6.18.pdf
And also a 'think tank' - http://www.centreforcities.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/18-07-11-Delivering-change-how-cities-can-make-the-most-of-digital-connections-final-1.pdf which makes an interesting point that no City in UK has a single point of contact for investors to invest in fiber!! The term "inward investment" has been misused a lot by many departments desperate to make an impression London is involved in Industry 4.0 when London and UK as a whole has absolutely nothing to offer because there is no symmetric gigabit fiber Internet to roll out new technologies unlike say Paris! No gigabit fiber customers means all investors are being conned because nothing in the way of Industry 4.0 compatible 5G, IoT, AI, MI, AR, VR, Digital Services, Fintech, Smartcities, Gigabit cities etc can be rolled out. The so called inward investments are simply variations of companies setting up online "web shops" to take orders and process it. Unlike say China where anywhere you go, you can pay by mobile phone. Most restaurants and businesses have QR code which you wave your mobile phone and thus pay without queuing. In China you get uninterrupted mobile connection while in trains and tube which means each person gets an average of up to 2 hours shopping time extra. But in UK, there is no symmetric gigabit fiber infrastructure or gigabit fiber customers and so the investments will receive far less returns than anything rolled out elsewhere like Paris, Singapore, China.
£250,000 per 1000 customers after all costs, £150 install cost, 1gbit symmetric fiber, £30/m - https://www.facebook.com/Hexhamtv/videos/2289124848045732
Anyone can install fiber distribution cabinets on the side of buildings and streets - https://www.facebook.com/1gigabit/videos/318276238937804/ Just need concreted level surface and bolts in the concrete to screw down cabinet to resist the weather. These fiber Internet cabinet contents are a fraction of the cost of phone company cabinets and cable Internet companies. The phone Internet and cable Internet cabinets have about $50,000 worth of multiplexing equipment to multiple 100+ phone, TV and Internet lines to ONE FIBER while fiber Internet companies typically install nothing other than a fiber patch panel, or if its a repeater station (needed every 10km to 50km), then a low cost fiber router is installed (typically $600 to $3000 each) with 1 gigabit fiber SFP modem ports costing $14 each or 10gbit SFP costing under $20 each, and possibly patch panel. The cheapest patch panels are for SC-SC connectors. The phone Internet and cable Internet cabinet methods cost far too much to do today because fiber is $2 per 96 core and because of that, phone Internet companies and cable Internet companies spend a great deal of money lobbying to lying to prevent the roll out cheaper Internet of Fiber technologies. They stack the regulatory systems with their own staff to create bad regulations to allow themselves to recover their hugely expensive out dated technologies instead of letting it all go and let fiber companies do the Internet of Fiber provisioning, and buy bandwidth as needed.
The correct answer is for all businesses, EEs, housing associations, retailers and politicians to make concerted effort to remove Ofcom and any of their politics, wipe the slate clean, eliminating unnecessary artificial barrier taxes such as Dark Fiber Tax which encourages monopolies to consolidate fiber at the expense of everyone else, and authorize full fiber expansion in all cities and rural areas. Symmetric gigabit fiber is still 20x cheaper and 20x faster to roll out because of lowest capex and it is just as easy to roll it out on top of copper. I.e. stop ALL copper work today, and install only fiber from today is 100% feasible with 3456 core 1.5 inch fiber bundle cables along all major routes.
IoD has made similar warnings in 2016 and nothing has been done since because Telecom incumbents have a way of sneaking into government departments and inexplicably altering the outcome of whatever is good that is being planned which magically results in them getting more money and customers getting less service. The answer as we see from above example of self cabling is to install more fiber with local initiatives, and take more videos and keep a record of costs and mail that publicly so that telecom companies cannot then use their fake numbers and fake invoicing to alter the course of decisions that favor milking the public. This will force the big businesses to fail, and be replaced with smarter smaller agile fiber Internet companies that deserve the front row in the podium servicing all customers with better value.
The IoD is justified - here is hospital of the future fully fibered up internally for Digital Service delivery - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MEbc_qavz0s
The IoD had warned of consequences form 2016. Here we are 2018 and slipped 4 places to 35th in Internet rankings - https://www.telecomstechnews.com/news/2018/jul/10/uk-35th-global-broadband-speed-rankings/
The UK regulator Ofcom is stubborn and weak. It has managed to expresses disappointment, which is meaningless as such grave admissions means nothing to them, and so carry on working harder every day to make it worse for UK than previous day. They should be disbanded and a fiber only regulator set up to push the benefits of fiber with no one allowed on the boards that has dual interest such as 5G and copper telecom. What is important to solve for the UK is that it is 80% services driven (92% in London) and none of them have symmetric gigabit fiber Internet. The revenue from symmetric fiber Internet for UK is worth at least £120 billion (minimum £2 billion per City, much more for London with its 8 million inhabitants which is more than 10% of the population of UK). How does a small group of people who have no idea what 5G, IoT, Digital Services, AI+Automation, Robotics, etc and no forward vision manage to get control of the entire telecom infrastructure of UK and run it to the ground no one can say but all EEs should rise to the threat the start installing fiber in offices and homes by themselves to prove how easy it is now. This vociferous group are proud to announce roll out of copper Internet has reached 90%+ and generated 9bn in revenue. In reality, its a huge failure of civic management. No one should pursue 100% of any roll out at the expense of cheaper new technology. The opportunity cost is -£111bn for relying on copper when fiber was already available in huge quantities at 20x less price than copper Internet. It is a living example of major civic disaster.
In UK all plans for Industry 4.0 and Digital Service Delivery scuppered by consolidation of all the fiber lines (about 1 million fiber lines) into the hands of one or two companies who don't share it with anyone including the ducts thanks to regulators who practice unusual practices practiced nowhere else in the world (i.e. make up their own rules instead of following industry best practice). But the world has changed. Any electronics engineer can pick up a $900 fusion fiber machine (similar price as a good scope) and fiber up the entire house and premises without any formal training (watch one or two youtube videos) and learn the true costs of fiber in hours. And then be in a position to challenge all the dishonest marketing rhetoric out there about fiber prices, installation and true cost of investment being 20x less than what it used to be to lay down a copper cable.
Another management trolling method exposed recently is how big telecom companies pretend they are completing their targets such as installing "broadband" to village x and that 95% of targets reached and how they must finish their job by 202x and how much of all this is costing them as investment. Nobody had bothered to check the numbers and technologies the management trolls are referring to. But when you do check, they are always referring to some out dated technology which is 20x more expensive to install compared to say "gigabit symmetric fiber Internet" that can be rolled out 20x quicker using less space in the ducts and with fewer cabling issues. Such beefed up fake pride in craftsmanship would have our grandfathers turning in their graves! The management trolls spectacularly fail to mention they can run new fiber optic cables in existing ducts and use less space and remove a $100,000 "cabinet" in the process. Instead dishonest management trolls rant on about "finishing the job". There is no such thing in commercial world. Telecom is mixed technologies and constantly evolving. Decent honest management will cost the solutions and leave engineers and investors with no option other than to remove the cabinets, install fiber on top of the copper as soon as possible and switch to 20x faster gigabit symmetric fiber and advise the government to back their same judgment. They need to be doing this at least once a year to keep on top of recent developments for which they are being paid to absorb all details.

Internet of Things need Things of Internet - today this is "gigabit symmetric fiber Internet"

All of this capacity would be soaked up by increasing amounts of data generated by IoT devices that need to upload their data and AI programs in data centers that need to sift through that data and connect with other data centers as we reach Technological Singularity in about 17 years time from the time this article is written. IoT infused factories generate Terrabytes of data PER DAY. To get all that data flowing from building to building and to server rooms and offices dotted around the globe requires symmetric gigabit links as standard because the upload speed is just as important as the download speed.
Asymmetric Internet is enormously costly to implement and serves no purpose while all the buffering and prioritization is implemented correctly in the router software setting. It is harmful to Industry 4.0 and so don't invest in it and don't place orders for it. Phone Internet companies offer it because their heavily multiplexed voice systems are unable to cope with large amounts of data being uploaded so they reduce the upload bandwidth to cope. Likewise the cable/media Internet systems cannot cope with high upload bandwidths because they are only designed to upload TV remote button press data. Which is not a lot of bandwidth. But normally they can give you 10% of the download bandwidth grudgingly.
Always ask for symmetric fiber Internet and for it to be provisioned by fiber Internet companies without any handicaps such as being owned by phone company or cable company that has indirect control or a secret agenda to install their out dated equipment, or route it through their equipment, and sell to you a poor service at inflated cost to you such as not being Industry 4.0 compatible and delaying your progress.

Cooperate and win

Encourage everyone to follow direct fiber to home ideas and expand into fiber optic market. If our investors empower and unleash us, we would follow that path with Hypercube Data Centers that rely on fiber optic connections from every home and also make and supply the next generation of fiber routers powered by FPGA back planes for the fastest possible Internet deployment with the up and coming Technological Singularity.
Encourage land owners to club together and draw maps for safe passage for fiber cables through their land, and upload legally binding permissions so that fiber providers can run cable through the land along routes prescribed by land owners as being safe. It saves costs for fiber installation companies by avoiding having to seek individual permission from every land owner to run cables through every plot of land. It also means 4G and 5G mobile phone services as well as gigabit Internet will be delivered to rural areas in double quick time. The fiber optic cables are needed to link the 4G and 5G telecom antenna and radio back to the towns and cities where the phone company equipment is located. Without those fiber optic cables and telecom antenna radio sets near you, in the countryside, there is no mobile phone service. Today these antennas, especially the 5G equipment are becoming small as a can of fizzy drink, and so they can be inserted into lamp posts and become for the most part invisible.

The dark nature of fake fiber companies

There will always be companies that pretend they are delivering fiber to an area using big words, but fail to mention that while the fiber may pass through your area, that you are NOT getting it. The way this con has been played out tirelessly over hundreds of thousands of villages, towns and homes is particularly important to take note of. The first question you should ask as a politician and as a representative of your community is whether ALL homes or businesses through which a fiber installation runs can get symmetric gigabit fiber connected for average cost of $150 per home for average distance of less than 100m from the cable, and if they can service the community within 30 days should a request to install fiber is put in. If the answer is no, then this is a fiber company that you do not need to support or fund. There are plenty of fiber companies who can cable up rural areas for this kind of cost and are very successful at it. There are also plenty of city companies that are very successful with these kinds of numbers. So your advise as a politician to these companies making fake promises of installing fiber (with no intention of connecting up residents to the fiber) is to go on a fiber installation course run by an existing company that is successfully installing symmetric gigabit fiber and making money and make sure they understand best practice before they make another bid again in your area. If the companies are too small to service the entire community, in a reasonable time frame, then break up the contract into smaller pieces and give it to separate companies that can then prove they can install fiber for the smaller communities they are contracted to service.
Another ruse that fake fiber companies have been using is to claim they are the only ones that can provide ROI (Return On Investment) because they can provide billions of gigabit of data passing through it than a small company. This is fake claim because there is no evidence for it. The evidence is exact opposite because when they install fiber, the other end is analogue and a street cabinet which cannot provide this kind of data. The evidence is that analogue cabinets in the street fill up with slow speed analogue cards that eats into customer budgets and patience and so there is no hope of filling the fiber links with data with this kind of equipment and fake claims of ROI seeking to prevent smaller companies from installing fiber. If instead the fiber is installed by small companies, they are more than likely seek out customers that use their fiber for the immense data bandwidths that fiber provides. Thus we actually find that companies that install fiber shift far more data and provide far more ROI with lower prices than fake fiber companies. The evidence is that fiber companies are fully booked up installing fiber everywhere and they must restrict themselves to tall buildings with a lot of customers to bring maximum benefit in fewest possible site visits. The evidence is that as they grow, they address smaller and smaller buildings. So there is plenty of scope for investors to keep on investing and expanding fiber. Even in places like rural countryside, the maths for new fiber install techniques allows fiber to be installed and the costs recovered in a period as short as 2 years. Not since the beginnings of railways has such opportunities have arisen. Demand for data will continue to double every year or two consistent with Technology Singularity Curve and so it becomes an obligation to find ways to debate and side step all obstacles.

Dark Fiber medieval window tax

Another one of these obstacles loaded against smaller fiber companies is "Dark Fiber Tax". This is like a window tax that stood the test of legal challenges for 150+ years until everyone got fed up and abolished it. It is easy to tax everything including daylight. The window tax led to daylight robbery schemes the likes of which have been laughed out of existence ever since. Dark Fiber Tax is similarly administered in the UK with laughable consequences surviving every legal challenge to date. The people who thought up this tax identify themselves as phone experts, culture experts, media experts and sports experts. Not fiber Internet experts. The biggest consequence is that big companies that have fiber and copper don't pay it, and are laughing all the way to the bank, while small companies that have fiber must pay it and all the smaller companies have complained bitterly of these excesses. Why should they pay it while big companies don't have to? And why can't we have Dark Telephone Tax, Dark Cable TV tax, Dark Sports Tax, Dark Culture Tax, Dark Media Tax? Its all workable if it went to fund libraries and schools. And with everyone needing fiber data links, why should anyone pay this window tax? The money does not go to Internet users. Its like taxing gravy to pay train operators to run their trains. Think of all those people who will need to catch a bus if the gravy train tax is abolished!! Likewise with dark fiber tax that prevents fiber being installed and sold at its correct price for anyone who wants to own fiber. It needs to abolished to allow fiber to be installed everywhere for everyone. Otherwise all that happens is that the Technological Singularity arrives but not to places that have sought to punish their citizens with this new daylight robbery scheme of a window tax that prevents them from joining the Internet. We already know countryside with half speed Internet results in exactly half citizens using half the data as those in the cities because everyone has the same amount of time for Internet each day. So all those in favor of dark fiber tax is also in favor of half citizens in a world that doesn't support these positions.

PON may rob you blind

PON is another word incumbents often use to try to slow down adoption of best practices and fast fiber optics roll out. There are many types of PON (Passive Optical Network), some legitimate, but we discuss the worst mis-use of PON. Classical PON of the worst type joins several fibers into one cable and have one SFP or similar fiber module at one end and anything up to 64 SFP modules at the other end. Already we can see a problem here - the fiber modules are all high speed, specialized and non-standard. They need to take their turn to multiplex signals on to one fiber at extreme speed - up to 64x speed of the average connection speed. By the time all the electronics has gone in for this kind of high speed multiplexed networking, you are no longer paying $14 for an SFP module. The SFP modules and routers become extremely complex because they each have to implement all of the TDM (Time Division Multiplexing) in hardware and software which is very costly. So skip PON ideas altogether to save cost, and buy only cheap gigabit SFP modules and robust routers that are produced at lowest costs that accept standard SFP modules and implement all the networking issues such as limiting user speed access to shared bandwidth in the software settings for each SFP module.
It is OK to install a 1gbit SFP module and sell 150Mbit symmetric data for light users by rate limiting the SFP in software. It is still the cheapest provisioning method compared to ANY other competing methods. Because fiber is cheap, SFP is cheap and bandwidth also cheap. Its not your fault if the customer wants a 150Mbit symmetric line even though the line is capable of 1gbit.
What is not OK is to install a custom SFP module that has maximum 150Mbit speed in above scenario. Now your costs have gone through the roof because the SFP modules are not interchangeable. This mix leads to extra training and configuration problems. Problems which grow with staff turnover if the documentation has not been kept accurate. And since its custom module, it may not be in the market a year from now whereas standardized SFP modules will always be available until the whole technology for them changes.
It is also OK to rate limit everyone during congestion periods and use software settings to allow more bandwidth to the light users. But always explain to the customer what their slowest speeds are likely to be due to contention, and how that could be affected if they are heavy user in preference to light users. Also explain the terms in plain language and avoid the woolly language of marketing. An informed customer can then choose a higher bandwidth package to cope with congestion periods. In this way, all customers get the full speed and full satisfaction when usage is light, and it throttles off during congestion periods to expected levels. But be sure to put in enough bandwidth. By rule of thumb, the average bandwidth provisioning should be minimum 50%. When traffic goes above that repeatedly, start installing more bandwidth. The traffic on average is going up at least 22% per year. If you are installing slow Internet, your investors are being conned and you don't have a functional business by around year 5. Audit the traffic and install more routers to split up the traffic into more 'lanes'.

Loss of national productivity in UK down to lack of symmetric gigabit fiber Internet

Electronics Engineers should take notes on how much cheaper it is now to install gigabit symmetric fiber Internet compared to any form of "Broadband Internet" which relies on copper wiring or copper wiring some other technology to bring in the signals.
Internet is now the back bone of Industry. Without Internet most companies would stand to loose substantial amounts of income from the outage. If the Internet is replaced with slow Internet, the frustration and loss of productivity become unimaginable and incalculable. So lets now assume your Internet speed is restored. So by those same terms, if all your competitors and neighbors have 20x higher speed Internet would you miss anything? If you don't know the answer, flick the Internet connection back to the slow Internet speed and go through all the differences in behavior one by one.
First difference you note is that you will click email, and wait 30 minutes for each attachment to come up. You don't want that, so you settle for higher speed Internet. Next, each web page takes 3 minutes to render. Another reason for not wanting slow Internet. Next the videos are jerky and unusable. Another reason for not wanting slow Internet. The staff are screaming at each other to see who is on the Internet to get their priority work done first. So now you don't want the screaming that goes with slow Internet. The software developers update across international offices and say they will do it by tomorrow. So now you don't want tomorrow as an answer for everything to do with design sharing and uploading and updating. Now you can see why productivity stinks if your company has slow Internet. Its your money, and the staff are thrifting it away fighting over Internet access to get their work done.
If the whole country has slow Internet and ranks 35th, how much of a stink is it creating in your company? Certainly 35 times as much productivity loss as someone with first class Internet. But it can be a lot worse. This follows a 1/r^2 rule where your effectiveness to deliver a project on time, within budget and not use any more resources that are allocated are compromised by the square of your weaknesses until you become 100% not effective at all for anyone to use your services after a few of these weaknesses connect and become catastrophic. The situation is identical to a war game, where in order to win, you need superiority of numbers and losing the game follows the 1/r^2 rule. Loose a few men, and you could loose the entire battle because it is lost exponentially. In the commercial arena, the same rules apply. Loose a few advantages to having a well run company, then loose the entire order book and sink the company exponentially.

Dark criminal intent in telecom companies

Large telecom companies know their time is up and lash out in all directions. The latest is to sack workers every time their demands are not met by government and local authorities. As well as committing a criminal offense, this kind of conspiracy led motivation to sack workers instead of re-training them to install symmetric gigabit fiber Internet is at best unacceptable. If that did not work, the telecom companies are holding out their hand for more money for each area claiming that only 20 installations can be carried out a month to slow down uptake of symmetric gigabit fiber because each fiber install brings faster Internet to all at the $30 per month per gigabit price. If projects are overbooked and work is really progressing at that snails pace, they do not need to sack workers. So they are caught lying at both ends of the argument and it needs to be settled in a court of law. The alternative is full deregulation. The incumbents argue against this as diluting their share holder value, but because there is no investor value in copper networks that are owned by the incumbents and stock market valuations are increasingly reflecting this solid point, there is no point in holding back deregulation either.

Own FPGA routers

If going it at the deep end with hundreds of thousands of customers to millions of customers, think one step ahead for the routers. It is far easier to make your own high level routers out of FPGA than it is to buy a router from a third party. You simply hire experts on FPGA and router technology and commission your own router boards to be made. These are the same experts router manufacturers hire to make their routers. The high end FPGAs can cost thousands of dollars but they can handle millions to billions of packets per second. If your dedicated team of engineers produce their own router, they pay for themselves in no time because once you have your own routers, you can copy the board to make as many routers as you need and scale your business at exceptional speed without an associated big capex for equipment that will likely hold your company back. Example of open source FPGA router - https://netfpga.org/

Fiber the New Oil priced in Red Tape per meter

Incumbents in telecom utility business would like to stretch a string as long as they can to prevent uptake of symmetric fiber Internet. If a utility like water needs to provision water, within reason they have the right to come on to your land and install a bore pipe to extract water from the aquifer. That is what it means to be a utility. They own the rights to do what is good for the local area and to your country without having to go through a mountain of paperwork which serves no purpose as far as wealth creation or the cost of delivery of a service is concerned. Telecom is the same. They need to install cables to connect cities, towns, roads and buildings and within reason, they need to dig and install these services through every bit of land that exists, just like water, sewer and electricity. Its not just some bit of land - it is every bit of land need to be traversed by telecom wires. The idea of paperwork for land access becomes ridiculous. There is no point in creating unnecessary paperwork like obtaining permissions from landlords AND TENANTs, or paying land owners a toll fee of their asking to run cables under their land because they are beneficiaries twice over for the utility services they are receiving (either directly or indirectly). Landlords you would notify with say a 30 day compulsory notice according to the name on the land registry but tenants? We see telecom companies to local authorities shrink civil authority to inflate costs by creating paperwork extending rules such as extending signature rights to tenants and presumably to their pet dogs in case they get offended before digging work can begin to bring fiber Internet to a whole town. Responsible civil governance of telecom is so bad in some areas that cost of permissions to dig is same as cost of 500 sheets of paper per meter. For some in civil and telecom sector, symmetric fiber Internet is the new oil and they want a piece of the pie. Only they are not entitled to it because it is the customer that pays. And if they don't pay, which is more than likely, the benefits shift to another area, or to a different country altogether. The world has no room left for corrupt graft ridden civil authorities. It routes around it, and goes elsewhere through the magic of Internet and rapid communication of opportunities and business elsewhere, leaving behind digitally poor half citizens that can't participate in Internet because their local authorities and its elected officials are inept enough to let it happen to them.

Dark Forces in Attack on Net Neutrality

Not many people know that all big incumbent telecom companies have war rooms monitoring, funding, and sanctioning anyone who opposes their anti-Net Neutrality agenda whilst pretending they have nothing to do with it, or peddling fake news that it is the politician that is doing this, when it is they who drive every aspect of it behind the scenes. Over the years, the idea of doing away with Net Neutrality has become a meme.
There are judges that go around claiming Net Neutrality violates the rights of free trade. Unknown to them, this is the same argument used by slavers. The rights of a few slavers to slave everyone else is more important to these judges and their conscience than rising above it and seeing the whole picture and the wider benefits of not enslaving the masses by giving a select few people the powers they do not need, which they will misuse any way.
The original trolls that thought up the idea of doing away with net neutrality are long dead and gone. Their objective was to make Internet as expensive as possible with their illiterate ways in the days when cable TV and telephone revenue was competing with Internet streamed TV and voice over IP telephony. Today the majority DO NOT use TV or copper wired phones. The majority use streaming TV and wire free mobile phones. The current batch of politicians, telecom leaders, and media trolls were all selected and promoted to ensure they delivered on disbanding Net Neutrality and making Internet more expensive. But since the trolls that created them are long dead and gone, these new politicians to management trolls have no idea why they want Net Neutrality disbanded or what it will achieve. Under intense questioning at hearings, the most obvious questions go unanswered. Because there are no good answers other than brown envelopes stuffed full of bitcoins have changed hands to sell out Net Neutrality. The state of silliness in the telecom industry is mind boggling! The telecom directors of big companies have no idea why they don't install cheapest node in telecom which is "symmetric gigabit Fiber Internet". The capex is 20x cheaper and roll of fiber is 20x faster than ANY competing method for delivering Internet to the public. They are so intransigent they let small companies in UK for example install 3% of the symmetric 1gbit fiber Internet market (about a million users) for under $50 a month whilst they charging $8000 to install and $8000 per rental fees per year for the same product. So these meme infected trolls and their behavior is a complete dis-service to their own shareholders, their own workers, their own society and they must be removed and replaced with directors and managers with a can do attitude free of all the political baggage they bring with them from long dead and gone trolls and their illiterate memes. Every time these incumbents don't get what they want from government, their policy is to take it out on their workers and sack them. These utterly irresponsible management trolls have no idea they are criminals running a criminal enterprise because their motivations are illegal and working to a secret agenda, and who could equally well retrain the workers under an openly advertised 20x cheaper symmetric fiber agenda and get out there and win orders. The stock markets will have none of it and downgrade these companies because the inflated prices they are selling slow broadband copper Internet is not sustainable, and they know it from working examples such as Singapore ($200 per month for 10gbit in Singapore, $18 per month for 1gbit in Hong Kong, £30 per month for symmetric gigabit fiber in UK by B4RN), but the incumbents in big telecom company management are willing to bear it and sink their companies and sack their workers instead of retraining into new fiber. Whether its arrogance or ignorance the workers are powerless to force changes and move their industry into new age of era. Regardless, the Technological Singularity is arriving and with it average data generation and consumption doubling every one to two years. This represents brand new opportunities for startups to be light weight 20x faster growth telecom companies of the future and take over from the slow incumbents.

Copper Switch Off Date - The Next Long Drawn Out Conspiracy To Trick Governments and Customers

The telecom incumbents next planned idiocy to extend the life of copper all too clear - which is force government to set a switch off date for copper.
This is a completely fake and meaningless concept.
Firstly, telecom is a mix of hybrid technologies. No one technology is fully rolled out before another one gets rolled out across the same ducts.
So yes there are microwave links from the 60's everywhere where it is not feasible to put in a cable; because telecom is Hybrid of all technologies.
And yet we don't have "microwave switch off date" do we?
So there is no need to have a "copper switch off" date either!! Start installing fiber TODAY on top of the copper!! It has always been done like that!!
The real reason for getting governments involved to set a date for "copper switch off" is to extend the "switch off date" from TODAY to decades into the future!!!
In short if government sets such a date, the telecom companies will drag their feet until that date expires, and even further than date with claims that government did not give them money for each every bit of copper they had to switch off.
Instead government could equally force a switch off of copper by simply taxing it higher every year and allowing free hand for fiber install which doesn't attract this tax.
Since fiber is 20x cheaper and 20x faster to roll out than copper, it would be quick and painless for incumbents to switch off copper and provide it as fiber for under £150 a household average install cost if its installed professionally. (Which is not true if a foot dragging telecom incumbent installs a fiber cable using out dated techniques such as blowing fiber one at a time when they can just as well pull a bundle containing hundreds of fibers in one go.) This cost is easily recovered in under 2 years. If incumbent telecom companies did not switch to fiber, they would have to hike prices to pay the tax and loose all their customers to more nimble fiber providers.
As for anyone who objects to copper being switched off, the correct best practice is to give them 5 year advanced notice that the copper service is being withdrawn. It is up to those who feel they are affected to find alternative solutions and not the telecom supplier to fund any fall out because suitable and extremely generous advanced notice has been given.

Fake Fiber Roll Out Fraud

This is a complex fraud involving big telecom pretending to 'roll out fiber' when the largest percentage of connections per payment of government grant amounts to 'roll out of copper'.
It starts when big telecom demands money from government with public fanfare for 'fiber' or they will sack workers.
Government obliges thinking its a great bargain.
Telecom incumbent then installs one fiber (or a very small number of fibers), then invoices government for the full amount. The government pays each of those fibers the maximum subsidy.
Telecom incumbent then does the dirty. Because they have not installed a large number of fibers during that installation, they ration the bandwidth in the small fibers at full cost ($100,000 + VAT + Dark Fiber Taxes for 10gbit + $1000 per 200m surcharge). No one will buy it of course, because the intention is to connect that fiber to copper multiplexers and jam around 100 to 1000 phone lines and copper Internet lines per fiber.
A genuine fiber company on the other hand would lay into the ground thousands of bundles as needed and leave an unsolicited box near each set of houses at an average cost of $150 per box with the fibers curled up inside.
If a customer wanted a connection, they pay $150 for a cable to be run from their house to the box where they are spliced into a dedicated fiber with 0.01db loss and connected all the way back to the nearest data center where the routers are.
The fake fiber install is very calculating and deceptive business practices the government needs experts to understand with. There is not enough fiber in those installs because those installs are for expanding copper circuits while over charging for direct fiber connection. All done intentionally. There is enough space in ducts to install at least 900 billion fiber cables when the copper is stripped out. At present 1 million are lit. At least 100 million fiber lines already exist that could be lit. There are only 26 million households in the whole of UK!! By charging $100,0000+ for each fiber, artificial scarcity is created despite plenty being available. These numbers no company will reveal because they will get prosecuted after having taken so much money from government and then lied. They are based on visiting and inspecting physical ducts and having conversations with telecom engineers.

Light weight fiber startups

So you want to be a fiber installing light weight startup with exponential growth? Then these are the simplest of all rules to follow:

Fiber and data is growing exponentially. IoT, 5G, WLAN, Lifi, Wifi, Bluetooth, mesh, are all symptoms of the upcoming Technological Singularity. So your fiber provision engine should grow with it.
For the future to work, data capacity needs to double every 18 months which means you should plan for infrastructure spend literally forever for the foreseeable future. Otherwise you can't win new orders easily because the big customer being more intelligent these days knows you have no plans to meet their doubling demands and cancel the idea of placing orders with your company.
To tap into the benefits of all this data, everyone needs gigabit personal communications and for that everyone needs gigabit fiber Internet connections.
In the world of tomorrow, the data generated by one company alone would amount to terrabytes.
All this data needs transport for analysis and only fiber Internet can provide the transport for such large amounts of data.
For this infrastructure to develop, you need to work at the local level to get first and quickest access to buildings to install your fiber. That means identifying red tape and getting it removed. It might be a political process, or it might just be an educational process.
You can buy your own fusion splicer suitable for 100km fiber runs with 0.01db loss $900 - https://www.aliexpress.com/item/signalfire-SM-MM-Automatic-FTTH-Fiber-Optic-Welding-Splicing-Machine-Optical-Fiber-Fusion-Splicer-AI-7/32844514201.html
- Watch their video and see how easy it is for fiber to be fusion joined (i.e. melted by heat and joined) with 0.01db loss automatically all aligned in a few seconds.
- If this is all you need, it is a call for all EEs to rise and start up their own companies installing fiber everywhere.
- Previously it took a long time and $10,000 pieces of equipment to join two fiber - now its all automatic and just a few seconds!!
Learn to join a few fibers. Every time you join a few fibers, think of how much less work it took to do it. And think of optimizing it. And then think of what telecom companies are charging for a few minutes of work. £25,000 - £85,000 per year if its running 10gbit signal down it from a $20 SFP module!! If you are electronics engineer, therein lies your opportunity to stop begging for employment and start your own business and take on all the overcharging companies!!
Keep a fiber fusion kit with you at all times and point to that every time some one cites £25,000 to £85,000 for a 10gbit line.
Then you need to work on eliminating all costs between the building and the exchange.
A million fibers would fit inside a meter diameter cable. Think about that carefully. It means you don't need big cabling ducts into the buildings in a town, and you don't need big buildings to process the incoming data. The cable ducts need only be about a 200mm to 1m deep buried, and the trenches need not be wider than 100mm to get the cable in. So what are the cheapest and smallest machines you want to buy buy to dig such narrow cable trenches? And why not use an air spade to rapidly lay a fiber instead of digging?
Get your capex right down. Every dollar saved is another dollar that goes into the bank account to buy equipment and expand the company. Use standardized SFP modules bought in bulk as the carrier for data. These SFPs can plug directly into media converters that will then convert to electric cables and wifi signals for the home.
Use the simplest fiber routers in each building. The more complex the router, the more time it takes to repair it, and the more hours spent training someone to become an expert at it. The quicker someone can pull a faulty card or router and replace it, the better it is for your reputation. The longer it takes to study lengthy manuals, the more likely you are loosing customers in an outage. Intentionally break things in test networks to see how quickly engineers fix it. If they can't then or consistently take too long, don't buy this kind of equipment. Buy something simpler. Its often the network experts that ruin a company infrastructure by specifying complex equipment that he know about but others cannot manage. Everyone must manage. Experts must apply themselves to making the simplest equipment function and make sure it is easy to train to get ready for a network outage event.
As you grow bigger design your own routers. It is not unknown for routers of foreign companies to have back doors for them to get in and disrupt your routers and damage your company. If you own your own routers, the task is so much harder for anyone to know how it works and harder still to compromise it. Create private test networks for contestants to comprise your routers and give out cash rewards. Its a great spend to prevent an even bigger disaster.
Don't buy or build routers with complex features such as packet opening and sniffing systems. It costs a lot of money. Focus instead on routing the packet as fast as possible to its destination. That way your hardware overheads and electricity bills are lowest because you are using less RAM and less hardware than anyone else. It all counts when then bills are issued and you start winning customers. Competition is good too if your competitors are putting in adversarial systems that seeks to abuse customers, their data, or just plain milk them for money.
Trenching machines are made by many companies all around the world. These days they can cut clean slots for $80 per meter 1.5 inch 3456 core fiber on busy roads without needing to block roads or stop traffic. Machines here do everything from cutting trenches for fiber to big oil pipes - http://nextrencher.com/

How to sell Internet speed with High Speed Symmetric Gigabit Fiber Internet

Customers all know how to use a mobile phone with its complex intricate mechanisms, interfaces and nuances that must be fully comprehended.
Billions of users out there that know how to do all this.
Insulting a person's intelligence is a big sport among sales directors when it comes to selling fake Internet speed.
With symmetric gigabit a lot of new possibilities
If you are selling high speed gigabit Internet, the customers need to be told what they are getting so they can use their IoT devices correctly
Max speed: 1gbit/1gbit upload/download speed - reserved for light users and leased line performance
Statistical Average Speed: 200mbit/100mbit upload/download average speed if fully using the 1gbit link 24/7 (we may give a higher upload speed because most are not uploading all at the same time so the customer benefits when given better upload bandwidth for IoT devices)
Congestion Speed: 100mbit/50mbit during congestion hours - this reflects on your absolute bandwidth in the back planes, routers, and links in and out of your buildings to the wider Internet.
With these 3 sets of figures given, the customer cannot sue or complain about what they are receiving.
There is nothing the customer can do about Congestion speed and Max speed. But they can buy better statistical average speed package as their needs increase.
This is where money is made in fiber. Not to mis-sell or hide the maximum speed or congestion speeds, and up sell the statistical average speed. The statistical average speed is just a rate setting in the router. The more of these packages are bought, the more routers you would need to install to get the congestion speed up otherwise no one will be happy about using your Internet.
Every time you improve the congestion speed, its good marketing material to push to attract more customers.
For most happy networks, the congestion speeds are about 50% of the Internet link speed in your backplanes, routers and links out of the building.
So you may want to limit the mis-selling of high speed Internet because the best way to provision Internet is with symmetric gigabit fiber Internet but not provide its full capacity because the routers are unable to handle the giant volumes of traffic. (This is where we tell you to develop your own routers to mitigate this enormous problem or face going under.)
Routers with jumbo Ethernet frame support a little better because they don't have to frantically switch between different packets too quickly and make rapid routing decisions. The jumbo frames take a while longer to transmit, and hence create time for the router to do its background tasks.

Interdiction of Media Companies and Telephone Companies into the affairs of Internet Companies

The history of Internet for the masses is that it could be provisioned by Internet engineers over twisted pair telephone lines that provide voice services and owned by telephone companies.
Then cable companies with higher data bandwidth with their coax cables then provisioned faster and more reliable Internet over their coax cables for Internet engineers, (and also telephony services).
Then the media companies bought into cable companies to make the investments needed to spread the use of cable more widely.
Then came fiber optics provisioning by Internet engineers. Initially expensive, but now 20x cheaper than twisted pair or coax technology and with it removed the need for twisted pair copper lines and coax copper cables and allowed Internet to be provisioned as something in its own right that neither telephone companies or cable companies or the media companies needed to get involved in because Internet engineers could easily provision voice service for telephone companies and streaming data for cable and media companies and pure Internet connections for the masses.
But involved they did in fiber Internet provisioning when they needn't have. They also went into government to unlawfully regulate fiber without revealing conflict of interest with their voice and media ownership.
In the process they brought to the fiber Internet technology provisioning rooms all kinds of illiterate management trolling views that are focused around voice provisioning and tv which had nothing to do with provision of Internet for the masses, and distorted the whole market.
Fiber optic Internet provisioning only provisions symmetric gigabit fiber Internet with speed limits set in software for each customer. Symmetric means equal upload and download speed. That is the cheapest option. Against that back drop, everything said about Internet by a telephone company or a media company is always a lie. Upload speeds limits, data hoggers, p2p hoggers etc are all lies. Every one of these lies can be robustly taken back to a router and its settings by an Internet engineer to demonstrate how much of a criminal lie management trolls and sales trolls get up to in order to generate revenue by openly lying to the public. If they really felt there are data hoggers, why don't they take a data hogger to court? They will loose. That is why.
It is time for interdiction by media, cable and telephone interests and their regulators on the affairs of Internet companies to stop.
They being allowed to conduct irresponsible interdiction has created a lost decade for building Smart Cities. For example London, the exact benefit of all government action and funding is exactly zero from 10 years ago. IoT devices work just as terribly as they first did.
The fastest and cheapest provision of Internet is through gigabit symmetric fiber Internet. The cheapest node is 1gbit. But for a few dollars more, the 10gbit is now within reach. About $30 per 10gbit symmetric gigabit Internet is doable with all costs recovered in 2 years and pure profit thereafter. No one is saying once a 10gbit SFP costing under $20 is installed in your house you should get 10gbit throughput. You can get burst speeds of 10gbits if no one else is using the Internet, but routers need to manage all users, and so your sustained data transfer speed may be limited to 50mbits or 100mbits symmetric speed. You pay more for higher sustained speeds - that is fair because the Internet companies will need to buy more routers to manage your traffic. These are all software settings in routers. So when you ring up your sales person, and agree to a higher speed, physically nothing happens. An engineer merely updates the speed settings for your connection in the router, and you are good to go with faster speed in minutes. With symmetric gigabit fiber Internet, education about speed is important. The fake marketing that prevails the field needs to stop. The 10gbit is the 'bearer speed' or maximum speed you can get through the system. It is expensive to provision 10gbit for every body, so you should be allowed to buy what you need such as 20:20 if you are light user, 50:50 if you watch movies, 200:200 if you got a family, and 1000:1000 if you got servers to run. The idea of business paying extra for Internet or businesses subsidizing other parts of the Internet is all wrong because everyone uses Internet so the tax is passed on to everyone. Its a tax on everybody no matter where it has been levied so it should not be levied in the first place or if it is being levied it should be sold as beneficial to the public and describe where the money is going instead of fleeing from the public and sneak it in through increased businesses charges.
The above is how Internet is supposed to work. Interdiction by telephone companies and media companies into the affairs of Internet companies must stop. Conflict of interest must be registered in all conduct of public life. All regulatory systems should be set up such that all those with conflicts of interest in telephone and media should be easily overruled by fiber Internet provisioning companies and their business interests.

We take an active interest in the well being of the Internet of Fiber because all the products we aim to make and sell will use fiber Internet to connect IoT devices, AI devices and many more technologies. We encourage Fiber Startups and their investors to storm the market and release its full potential. If we could participate in any way, we will find a way to participate in this new revolution.